Web3小白

Building a Web3 project is actually not that complicated, especially with the use of Hardhat and React, which can make the development process efficient and smooth. Below, I'll guide you step by step, covering everything from smart contract development to front-end interaction.

1. Setting Up the Smart Contract Development Environment - Getting Started with Hardhat#

Hardhat is a powerful tool for Ethereum smart contract development, supporting local test chains, contract compilation, deployment, and debugging.

• Initialize the Project
  Open the terminal in the project root directory and execute: `npm init -y

  npm install --save-dev hardhat

  npx hardhat`
  Choose "Create a JavaScript project," and Hardhat will help you generate the basic configuration and example contracts.

• Write the Smart Contract
  In the contracts folder, create or modify a contract file, such as MyToken.sol, and write your logic in Solidity.

• Compile the Contract
  Execute: npx hardhat compile
  Ensure there are no syntax errors in the contract and generate the corresponding ABI and bytecode.

• Start the Local Test Chain
  Hardhat comes with a local chain; run: npx hardhat node
  This node will automatically generate test accounts and private keys for easy debugging.

• Deploy the Contract
  Write a deployment script in the scripts directory, such as deploy.js: `async function main() {

  const MyToken = await ethers.getContractFactory("MyToken");

  const token = await MyToken.deploy();

  await token.deployed();

  console.log("MyToken deployed to:", token.address);

  }

  main().catch((error) => {

  console.error(error);

  process.exitCode = 1;

  });Execute:npx hardhat run scripts/deploy.js --network localhost`

  Deploy to the local test chain.

• Write Test Cases
  Write JavaScript tests in the test directory, using Mocha and Chai to validate contract functionality and ensure contract stability.

2. Setting Up the Front-End Environment - Quick Start with React#

React is the preferred framework for building user interfaces, combined with Web3.js or Ethers.js for on-chain interaction.

• Create a React Project
  Execute: `npx create-react-app web3-react-app

  cd web3-react-app`

• Install Dependencies
  Install Ethers.js (recommended): npm install ethers

  You can also use Web3.js, depending on your preference.

• Connect the Wallet
  In the React component, add logic to connect to MetaMask: `import { useState } from "react";

  import { ethers } from "ethers";

  function App() {

  const [account, setAccount] = useState(null);

  async function connectWallet() {

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  if (window.ethereum) {
  
    try {
  
      const accounts = await window.ethereum.request({ method: "eth_requestAccounts" });
  
      setAccount(accounts[0]);
  
    } catch (error) {
  
      console.error("User denied wallet connection");
  
    }
  
  } else {
  
    alert("Please install MetaMask wallet");
  
  }
  

  }

  return (

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  <div>
  
    <button onClick={connectWallet}>Connect Wallet</button>
  
    {account && 
  

  Connected Account: {account}

  }
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  </div>
  

  );

  }

  export default App;`

• Call the Smart Contract
  Import the address and ABI of the Hardhat deployed contract into React and call the contract methods: `import { ethers } from "ethers";

  import MyTokenABI from "./MyToken.json";

  const contractAddress = "Address printed during contract deployment";

  async function getTokenName() {

  if (!window.ethereum) return;

  const provider = new ethers.providers.Web3Provider(window.ethereum);

  const contract = new ethers.Contract(contractAddress, MyTokenABI.abi, provider);

  const name = await contract.name();

  console.log("Token Name:", name);

  }`

• Implement Interaction Features
  Based on the contract functionality, design front-end buttons and input fields to call the contract's read and write methods, enabling features like transfers and balance queries.

3. Deployment and Launch#

• Deploy the Contract to Testnet or Mainnet
  Modify the Hardhat configuration file hardhat.config.js, add network configurations, and use official RPC or third-party services. Deploy using: npx hardhat run scripts/deploy.js --network rinkeby
  or other networks.

• Front-End Hosting
  Build the React project: npm run build
  This generates static files that can be uploaded to any static website hosting service.

• Alternative Domain Access for Exchanges
  Domestic users can use alternative domains provided by Hyperlink Navigation to ensure stable access to exchanges:

  • OKX
  • Binance
  • HTX
  • Gate
  • Bitget
  • Bybit

Summary#

Using Hardhat to set up the smart contract development environment, combined with React for front-end interaction, allows for the rapid construction of a complete Web3 project. Hardhat provides local chains and automation tools, facilitating contract writing, testing, and deployment. React makes the user interface flexible and easy to use, combined with Ethers.js for on-chain operations. Through reasonable division of labor, development efficiency is significantly improved. Domestic users can ensure smooth access to exchanges by leveraging alternative domains from Hyperlink Navigation. Mastering this process makes getting started with Web3 development much easier.